Vertaling van "Drug-resistant organism " (Engels → Nederlands) :

antimicrobial resistant pathogen | drug-resistant microbe | drug-resistant microorganism | drug-resistant organism | resistant microorganism

Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin (oxacillin) but resistant to fewer other drug classes than the multiple drug resistant MRSA strains. Oxacillin (or cefoxitin) represents all other β-lactams (and cephamycins) and resistance to either of

drug-resistant TB | drug-resistant TB strain | drug-resistant tuberculosis

Extensively drug resistant TB are strains of TB that are resistant to at least rifampicin and isoniazid, and also resistant to a fluoroquinolone and to at least one of the three injectable TB drugs, capreomycin, kanamycin and amikacin.

acquired drug resistance | secondary drug resistance | secondary resistance

Extensive drug resistance (XDR) is defined as non-susceptibility to at least one agent in all but two or fewer epidemiologically significant antimicrobial categories. Non-susceptibility refers to either a resistant, intermediate or non-susceptible re

antimicrobial resistance [ AMR | antibiotic resistance | anti-microbial drug resistance | resistance to antibiotics ]

Definition: This block contains a wide variety of disorders that differ in severity and clinical form but that are all attributable to the use of one or more psychoactive substances, which may or may not have been medically prescribed. The third character of the code identifies the substance involved, and the fourth character specifies the clinical state. The codes should be used, as required, for each substance specified, but it should be noted that not all fourth character codes are applicable to all substances. Identification of the psychoactive substance should be based on as many sources of information as possible. These include self-report data, analysis of blood and other body fluids, characteristic physical and psychological symptom ...[+++]s, clinical signs and behaviour, and other evidence such as a drug being in the patient's possession or reports from informed third parties. Many drug users take more than one type of psychoactive substance. The main diagnosis should be classified, whenever possible, according to the substance or class of substances that has caused or contributed most to the presenting clinical syndrome. Other diagnoses should be coded when other psychoactive substances have been taken in intoxicating amounts (common fourth character .0) or to the extent of causing harm (common fourth character .1), dependence (common fourth character .2) or other disorders (common fourth character .3-.9). Only in cases in which patterns of psychoactive substance-taking are chaotic and indiscriminate, or in which the contributions of different psychoactive substances are inextricably mixed, should the diagnosis of disorders resulting from multiple drug use (F19.-) be used. | Modifiers The following fourth-character subdivisions are for use with categories F10-F19: Code Title .0 Acute intoxication A condition that follows the administration of a psychoactive substance resulting in disturbances in level of consciousness, cognition, perception, affect or behaviour, o ...

Definition: A wide variety of medicaments and folk remedies may be involved, but the particularly important groups are: (a) psychotropic drugs that do not produce dependence, such as antidepressants, (b) laxatives, and (c) analgesics that may be purchased without medical prescription, such as aspirin and paracetamol. Persistent use of these substances often involves unnecessary contacts with medical professionals or supporting staff, and is sometimes accompanied by harmful physical effects of the substances. Attempts to dissuade or forbid the use of the substance are often met with resistance; for laxatives and analgesics this may be in ...[+++] spite of warnings about (or even the development of) physical harm such as renal dysfunction or electrolyte disturbances. Although it is usually clear that the patient has a strong motivation to take the substance, dependence or withdrawal symptoms do not develop as in the case of the psychoactive substances specified in F10-F19. | Abuse of:antacids | herbal or folk remedies | steroids or hormones | vitamins | Laxative habit

Definition: An ill-defined disorder of uncertain nosological validity. The category is designed to include a group of children with severe mental retardation (IQ below 35) who show major problems in hyperactivity and in attention, as well as stereotyped behaviours. They tend not to benefit from stimulant drugs (unlike those with an IQ in the normal range) and may exhibit a severe dysphoric reaction (sometimes with psychomotor retardation) when given stimulants. In adolescence, the overactivity tends to be replaced by underactivity (a pattern that is not usual in hyperkinetic children with normal intelligence). This syndrome is also often associated with a variety of developmental delays, either specific or global. The extent to which the be ...[+++]havioural pattern is a function of low IQ or of organic brain damage is not known.

While the list of drug-resistant microbes continues to increase, there are relatively few - and for some evolving drug-resistant organisms no - new antimicrobials being developed.

Moreover, modern-day medical practices are accelerating the emergence of drug-resistant organisms, namely through the improper use of antimicrobials; including excessive and irresponsible dosages, intake of poor-quality antibiotics, and failure to complete a full treatment cycle as prescribed by a qualified physician.

This includes improved monitoring and reporting of drug-resistance organisms, as well as more effective infection control measures, including the use of vaccinations.

The issue of AMR has been further exacerbated by the emergence of multi-drug resistance in some bacterial organisms, which can counteract the effectiveness of a variety of unrelated antimicrobials and compromise treatment choices for both humans and animals, prolong recovery, or lead to treatment failure.